https://jocs.sciforce.org/JOCS <p>Journal of Organic Chemistry: Synthesis and Process Development (JOCS) is a broad field of organic chemistry, and its related disciplines are Synthetic Organic Chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and pharmaceutical chemistry. JOCS publishes rapid publication of original research articles, reviews, book chapters, short communications, rapid communications, and abstracts. Rapid communications and abstracts of such research preserve their research work and to transmit their new contributions to the research community and quickly to other researchers and to the public. Process chemistry is the branch of pharmaceutical chemistry deal with the development and optimization of a synthetic scheme and pilot plant procedure to manufacture compounds for the drug development phase. Process chemistry is distinguished from medicinal chemistry, which is the disciplines of pharmaceutical chemistry tasked with designing and synthesizing molecules on small scale in the early drug discovery phase. And medicinal chemists are largely concerned with synthesizing a large number of compounds as quickly as possible from easily tunable chemical building blocks for SAR studies. In general, the repertoire of reactions utilized in discovery chemistry is somewhat narrow for example; the Buchwald-Hartwig amination, Grub’s catalytic reaction, Click Chemistry, Suzuki coupling and reductive amination are commonplace reactions. In contrast, process chemists are tasked with identifying a chemical process that is safe, cost and labor efficient, “green,” and reproducible, among other considerations. Oftentimes, in searching for the shortest, most efficient synthetic route, process chemists must devise creative synthetic solutions that eliminate costly functional group manipulations steps. Process synthetic routes should be designed such that atom economy is maximized for the entire synthetic scheme. Consequently, “costly” reagents such as protecting groups and high molecular weight leaving groups should be avoided where possible. An atom economy value in the range of 70 to 90 percent for an API synthesis is ideal depends on the nature of the reactions, however some processes can also lesser percentage of yield also acceptable provided they are safe and eco-friendly in nature, and it may be impractical or impossible to access certain complex targets within this range. Nevertheless, atom economy is a good metric to compare two routes to the same molecule.</p> en-US editor@sciforce.org (Dr. Suryakiran Navath, Ph. D.,) editor@sciforce.org (Dr. Suryakiran Navath, Ph. D.,) Tue, 08 Nov 2022 06:52:29 +0000 OJS 3.2.1.4 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 https://jocs.sciforce.org/JOCS/article/view/234 <p>Herein, we report the design and synthesis of two new phenylene-bridged D-π-A configured organic molecules <strong>N_1-2</strong>carrying two different anchors and the same donor unit, as potential sensitizers for DSSC application. In the new design, a simple <em>O</em>-alkyl substituted phenyl group acts as a donor scaffold, cyanovinylene, and phenylene systems serve as π-spacers, while cyanoacetic acid and barbituric acid units function as electron acceptor/anchoring moieties. The current work also highlights their structural, photophysical, electrochemical, and theoretical investigations, including evaluation of their structure-property relationships. The optical results revealed that chromophores <strong>N_1-2</strong> display λ_absand λ_emiin the range of 400-420 nm and 550-570 nm, <em>respectively</em>, with a bandgap in the order, 2.51-2.59 eV. Their quantum chemical simulations have provided an insight into the predictions of their structural, molecular, electronic, and optical parameters. Further, the results showcased that the dyes possess all the pre-requisites to act as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Conclusively, the study furnishes a deeper understanding of the intricacies involved in the structural modification of phenylene-based dyes for achieving better performance in DSSCs.</p> Kavya S. Keremane, Airody Vasudeva Adhikari Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Organic Chemistry: Synthesis and Process Development https://jocs.sciforce.org/JOCS/article/view/234 Tue, 08 Nov 2022 00:00:00 +0000 https://jocs.sciforce.org/JOCS/article/view/231 <p>In this study, HCC<em> (Hepatocellular carcinoma)</em> was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), as an initiator, and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), as a promoter. Mitochondria from cancerous rats liver for evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of dipeptide Carnosineanalogues was isolated and cellular parameters related to apoptosis signaling were then determined. Our results showed that high toxicity synthesized linear and cyclic Carnosine analogues with concentration 10 in MTT assay, a raise in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, swelling in mitochondria, ATP generation, mitochondrial membrane potential ( ψm) collapse, release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation after exposure of mitochondria isolated from the <em>Hepatocellular carcinoma (</em>HCC group). Based on the overall results, cyclic Carnosine analogues rather than linear Carnosine analogues would be encouraging to develop new anticancer agents and may be considered as a promising complementary therapeutic agents for the treatment of HCC. The synthesized Carnosine analogues were characterized by using different methods such as, LC-MS, FT-IR.</p> <p> </p> Mohammadreza Gholibeikian,a*, AmirrezaArvaneh b Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Organic Chemistry: Synthesis and Process Development https://jocs.sciforce.org/JOCS/article/view/231 Mon, 12 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0000